Verify whether a provider is authorised as a CASP under MiCAR or registered only for AML/CFT before acting.
Explore 14 mapped organizationsOfficial source for regulatory status: Central Bank of Ireland: MiCAR and CASP authorisation (supports: regulatory status, regulatory framework, regulatory timeline) · Central Bank of Ireland: VASP registration scope (supports: regulatory status, regulatory framework, regulatory timeline) · Central Bank of Ireland: register downloads (supports: regulatory status, regulatory framework)
Local review · 2026-08-17
Next review: 2026-11-17
International virtual-asset standards, crypto tax reporting framework, and adoption methodology. Local rules can change; verify with the relevant authority before acting.
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Adoption
A register helps verify the named entity and stated activity. It does not validate every asset, product, or risk.
Official adoption figures are shown with their linked source.
Source by figure: adoption: Central Bank of Ireland: 10% of the population reports owning crypto assets, 2025
Blue figures are older estimates without a verifiable official source: they are shown as context, not official data, and are not used to rank or score countries.
Europe · EUR
Distinguish VASP AML/CFT registration from MiCAR CASP authorisation before acting.
The VASP framework introduced AML/CFT registration with the Central Bank.
MiCAR became applicable to CASPs on 30 December 2024.
The Central Bank portal centralised MiCAR CASP applications.
Official source for these events: Central Bank of Ireland: MiCAR and CASP authorisation (supports: regulatory status, regulatory framework, regulatory timeline) · Central Bank of Ireland: VASP registration scope (supports: regulatory status, regulatory framework, regulatory timeline)
The Central Bank is the national competent authority for MiCAR and CASPs require authorisation to operate in the EU. The earlier VASP registration covers AML/CFT only; it does not by itself equal CASP authorisation or validate a platform, asset, or transaction. Consult the Central Bank's current registers.
Official source for this framework: Central Bank of Ireland: MiCAR and CASP authorisation (supports: regulatory status, regulatory framework, regulatory timeline) · Central Bank of Ireland: VASP registration scope (supports: regulatory status, regulatory framework, regulatory timeline) · Central Bank of Ireland: register downloads (supports: regulatory status, regulatory framework)
Check the linked official regulatory register or portal before choosing a provider.
Confirm tax treatment with the linked official guidance and a local professional where appropriate.
Official source for these brackets: Revenue: how to calculate CGT (supports: tax brackets, deductions)
The annual CGT personal exemption is EUR 1,270 for qualifying gains; consult Revenue for expenses and losses.
Source: Revenue: how to calculate CGT (supports: tax brackets, deductions)
For 2026 disposals: pay by 15 December for those through 30 November; December disposals are due 31 January 2027. File by 31 October 2027.
Source: Revenue: CGT payment and filing dates (supports: filing deadline)
Revenue says a crypto-asset disposal will most likely be subject to CGT unless there is a trade. The CGT rate is 33% for most gains, subject to exceptions; it does not apply automatically to every transaction.
Official tax guidance: Revenue: taxation of crypto-asset transactions · Revenue: how to calculate CGT · Revenue: CGT payment and filing dates
| Country | Users / investors | Adoption | P2P Vol. | Status | Exchange |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇮🇪 IrelandYou | No official figure | 10% of population (Central Bank, 2025) | No official figure | Regulated | — |
| 🇪🇸 Spain | No official figure | 4.8% holders (2021, Banco de Espana) | No official figure | Regulated | — |
| 🇵🇹 Portugal | No official figure | 12.0% of respondents (ECB SPACE, 2024) | No official figure | Regulated | — |
| 🇩🇪 Germany | No official figure | 6% bought or paid (Bundesbank, 2025) | No official figure | Regulated | — |
| 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | No official figure | 12% holders (2024, FCA) | No official figure | Regulated | — |
| 🇫🇷 France | No official figure | 9% holders (2025) | No official figure | Regulated | — |
| 🇮🇹 Italy | No official figure | 18% of financial decision-makers (CONSOB, 2024) | No official figure | Regulated | — |
| 🇳🇱 Netherlands | No official figure | >20% of investors (AFM, 2025) | No official figure | Regulated | — |
| 🇨🇠Switzerland | No official figure | ~6% of respondents (SNB, 2022) | No official figure | Regulated | — |
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